比特币挖矿软件指南
连接您的硬件与比特币网络的中间层。协调矿池工作，提交区块，监控性能。
从网络到硬件
挖矿软件是中间层，从网络和矿池获取工作并传递给您的 ASIC 矿机。
挖矿软件的核心功能是管理挖矿硬件与比特币网络之间的通信。当连接到矿池时，软件接收包含待处理交易的区块模板，将工作分配给矿机上的 ASIC 芯片，并将有效的份额（部分工作量证明解决方案）提交回矿池。
矿池聚合所有矿工的份额并向比特币网络提交完整的区块。每个份额证明您的硬件执行了一定量的计算工作。矿池跟踪您的份额，并在找到区块时按比例支付。
您的挖矿软件持续请求新工作，监控执行该工作的硬件，并报告结果——同时跟踪温度、风扇速度、算力和功耗。大多数矿工通过 Stratum 挖矿协议连接到矿池——V1 或更新的 Stratum V2，后者增加了加密功能，并允许矿工为区块模板选择自己的交易。
设置挖矿软件
设置矿机并充分利用它的分步指南。
挖矿收益的比特币钱包
使用自托管钱包，您自己控制私钥——不要将比特币留在交易所或矿池账户中。
| 仅限比特币 开源 | One of the oldest and most trusted Bitcoin wallets, actively developed since 2011. Lightweight, fast, and packed with power-user features including coin control, Lightning, and hardware wallet support. | Windows, macOS, Linux, Android |  |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Collaborative multisig wallet designed to make multi-key security accessible. Manage shared wallets across multiple hardware devices and co-signers. | Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Simple, self-custody Bitcoin wallet for iOS and Android. Good for day-to-day spending of mining earnings. | iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Lightning Network wallet for fast, low-fee payments. Ideal for spending small amounts of bitcoin quickly without waiting for on-chain confirmations. | iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Formerly Blockstream Green. Self-custody Bitcoin wallet with on-chain, Lightning, and Liquid support. Built-in 2-of-2 multisig protection, hardware wallet pairing, and Tor routing. | iOS, Android, Windows, macOS, Linux | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Beautiful, privacy-focused mobile wallet from Foundation Devices. Works as a companion to the Passport hardware wallet or as a standalone self-custody wallet. | iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Self-custodial Lightning wallet that connects to your own Lightning node (LND, CLN, or Eclair). Also offers an embedded node option for those without their own infrastructure. | iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | 2-of-3 multisig wallet system from Block (formerly Square). Combines a hardware device, mobile app, and cloud recovery key for a simple self-custody experience with no seed phrase. | iOS, Android, Standalone hardware device | |
| 仅限比特币 开源 | Privacy-focused Bitcoin desktop wallet with advanced UTXO management — ideal for miners who need to consolidate the many small outputs that mining pool payouts create. | Windows, macOS, Linux | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | One of the oldest and most trusted Bitcoin wallets, actively developed since 2011. Lightweight, fast, and packed with power-user features including coin control, Lightning, and hardware wallet support. | Windows, macOS, Linux, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | The reference Bitcoin full node implementation. Running Bitcoin Core validates all transactions independently, giving you maximum sovereignty and privacy. The most trustless way to use Bitcoin. | Windows, macOS, Linux | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Collaborative multisig wallet designed to make multi-key security accessible. Manage shared wallets across multiple hardware devices and co-signers. | Windows, macOS, Linux, iOS, Android | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Formerly Blockstream Green. Self-custody Bitcoin wallet with on-chain, Lightning, and Liquid support. Built-in 2-of-2 multisig protection, hardware wallet pairing, and Tor routing. | iOS, Android, Windows, macOS, Linux | |
| 仅限比特币 开源 | Air-gapped, Bitcoin-only hardware wallet that signs transactions via microSD card — no USB or wireless connection needed. The most security-focused hardware wallet available. | Standalone device (air-gapped) | |
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| 开源 | Open-source hardware wallet with a color touchscreen and broad software compatibility. Supports Bitcoin and other assets. | Standalone device (USB-C) | |
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| The most widely used hardware wallet globally. Uses a certified secure element chip and supports thousands of assets alongside Bitcoin. | Standalone device (USB-C) | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Swiss-made hardware wallet with fully open-source firmware. The Bitcoin-only edition removes all altcoin code, reducing the attack surface. | Standalone device (USB-C) | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Affordable, fully open-source hardware wallet with air-gapped QR code signing. Uses a virtual secure element design instead of a traditional secure element chip. | Standalone device (USB-C, Bluetooth, camera) | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | Premium air-gapped hardware wallet with fully open-source firmware and hardware. Signs transactions via QR codes and microSD, with no USB data, Bluetooth, or WiFi. | Standalone device (air-gapped) | |
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| 仅限比特币 开源 | 2-of-3 multisig wallet system from Block (formerly Square). Combines a hardware device, mobile app, and cloud recovery key for a simple self-custody experience with no seed phrase. | iOS, Android, Standalone hardware device | |
矿池通常有最低支付门槛（通常为 0.005-0.01 BTC）。频繁的小额支付会产生许多 UTXO，在后续交易中花费的手续费更高。考虑设置更高的支付门槛以减少 UTXO 碎片化，或在网络费用较低时定期合并您的 UTXO。
您需要自定义挖矿软件吗？
原厂固件开箱即用。自定义软件是可选的，但它可以带来很大的不同。
原厂固件
每台 ASIC 矿机都随其制造商的原厂固件出货。插上电源，打开网页界面，输入矿池 URL 和钱包地址，即可挖掘比特币。
那矿工为什么要升级？
效率提升
Braiins OS+、LuxOS 和 Vnish 等第三方固件可通过逐芯片自动调优将能效提高 15-25%。在规模化运营中，这可以每年每台机器节省数百美元的电力成本。
矿场管理
当您运行多台矿机时，手动检查每台机器的网页界面变得不切实际。Foreman 和 Awesome Miner 等平台提供集中仪表盘、自动警报和跨数百或数千台机器的批量配置。
高级控制
能量削减（在电价飙升时自动关闭矿机）、基于哈希价格的动态性能缩放和 120V 家用挖矿模式等功能让运营商对挖矿经济学有精细的控制。
如何选择挖矿软件
合适的软件取决于您的运营规模、目标和技术专长。
家庭矿工（1-2 台 ASIC）
在家运行一两台矿机用于教育、供暖或小规模收入。
- 从原厂固件开始学习基础知识
- 准备好提升效率时升级到 Braiins OS+ 或 LuxOS
- LuxOS 提供 120V 旁路模式，适用于家用电源
- Hive OS 免费版覆盖您第一台矿机的监控
小型矿场（3-50 台 ASIC）
需要集中监控的专用挖矿设置。
- 刷入第三方固件以获得 15-25% 的效率提升
- Braiins OS+ 或 Vnish 用于所有机器的自动调优
- Awesome Miner 或 Minerstat 提供经济实惠的矿场管理
- 设置机器故障的自动警报
工业运营（50+ 台 ASIC）
大规模挖矿需要企业级工具和能源管理。
- Foreman 或 Braiins Manager 实现全场控制
- 能量削减自动化以响应需求
- 全场固件标准化
- 托管客户管理和报告工具
ASIC 固件
替换矿机原厂软件以提高效率、算力和控制的第三方固件。
Braiins OS+
2-2.5% dev fee (hashrate-based); 0% effective fee when mining on Braiins Pool
访问 Braiins OS+
The most established aftermarket ASIC firmware, developed by the team behind Braiins Pool (formerly Slush Pool). Features per-chip autotuning that analyzes every individual ASIC chip and adjusts frequencies so higher-quality chips work harder while lower-quality chips run at reduced speeds, resulting in significantly better joules-per-terahash efficiency.
- 硬件
- Antminer S9, S17, S19, S21, S23 series
- 最适合
- Miners who want maximum efficiency and Stratum V2 protocol support
- Per-chip autotuning and dynamic frequency scaling
- Native Stratum V2 support (encrypted, miner-selected transactions)
- Immersion cooling mode (no fan spoofers needed)
- Dynamic performance scaling to prevent overheating
- 2-15% hashrate increase with lower power consumption
LuxOS
2.8% dev fee; free pool usage when mining on Luxor Pool
访问 LuxOS
The first ASIC firmware to achieve SOC 2 Type 2 certification and the only Antminer firmware developed, owned, and maintained by a US-based company (Luxor Technology). LuxOS dynamically adjusts operations — shifting to ultra-efficient mode when hashprice falls and enabling overclocking when it rises.
- 硬件
- Antminer S19, S21 series
- 最适合
- US-based operations needing SOC 2 compliance, home miners wanting 120V support
- Dynamic performance optimization based on hashprice
- 120V PSU Bypass Mode for home mining on household power
- Granular fan speed control (20-100%)
- Fast power curtailment (~25W in under 5 seconds)
- 15-18% efficiency improvement on S21 series
Vnish
2.8% dev fee; reduced rates for large-scale farms
访问 Vnish
A widely used aftermarket firmware known for deep manual tuning controls and broad hardware compatibility. Vnish works with each individual chip on the hash board, analyzing characteristics and selecting optimal voltage and frequency parameters for maximum performance without losing stability.
- 硬件
- Antminer S19, S21, T19, T21, L7, L9; Whatsminer M30S+, M31S+
- 最适合
- Miners who want maximum manual control and broad hardware support
- Per-chip optimization with manual tuning depth
- Up to 30% hashrate boost over stock firmware
- Enhanced security with SSH protocol control and virus protection
- Power consumption reduction of up to 30%
- Free lifetime updates included
三款固件都使用开发费模式（算力的 2-2.8%），通常通过其带来的效率提升可以多倍回收。在其关联矿池上挖矿时，每款还提供降低或免除的费用。
矿场管理软件
从单个仪表盘监控、控制和优化多台矿机的集中平台。
Foreman
Industry-leading Bitcoin mine management platform enabling miners to remotely manage sites from anywhere. Excels at large-scale configuration management and monitoring with granular visibility into machine-level performance while maintaining simple fleet-wide controls.
访问 Foreman
- 定价
- Per-device pricing tiers; free sign-up available
- 规模
- Enterprise (unlimited)
- 硬件
- Broad ASIC model and firmware support
- 最适合
- Professional mining farms needing enterprise-grade energy management
- Fleet-wide configuration and firmware management
- Automated energy curtailment based on price thresholds
- Real-time machine and environmental monitoring
- LuxOS firmware integration for advanced tuning
- Automated earnings tracking and reporting
Awesome Miner
A powerful mining management tool for Windows and Linux that scales from hobby setups to warehouse-level operations managing up to 200,000 ASIC miners. Features profit-switching capabilities that analyze real-time revenue alongside power consumption.
访问 Awesome Miner
- 定价
- Free for up to 2 miners; $2/miner/month after that
- 规模
- Up to 200,000 ASICs
- 硬件
- All Antminer models, 50+ mining engines including CGMiner and BFGMiner
- 最适合
- Operations needing deep automation and profit optimization
- Profit switching based on real-time revenue analysis
- 30+ trigger conditions and 40+ automated actions
- Automatic problem detection and recovery
- Full Antminer support (reboot, pool config, firmware, LED)
- Web dashboard accessible from any browser
Hive OS
A popular mining operating system and management platform that supports both GPU rigs and ASIC miners from a single dashboard. Known for its beginner-friendly interface and generous free tier for home miners.
访问 Hive OS
- 定价
- Free for home mining and first miner; $3/month per additional device
- 规模
- Small to large
- 硬件
- Antminer, Whatsminer, and GPU rigs
- 最适合
- Beginners and hybrid GPU/ASIC setups
- Unified dashboard for GPU rigs and ASIC miners
- Automatic issue detection and efficiency monitoring
- Bulk device management and configuration
- Hiveon ASIC firmware integration
- 24/7 community support
Braiins Manager
The cloud-based fleet management extension of the Braiins ecosystem, designed for managing mining operations from small setups to industrial-scale deployments. Integrates tightly with Braiins OS+ firmware and Braiins Pool.
访问 Braiins Manager
- 定价
- Free sign-up; cloud-based platform
- 规模
- Mid-size to industrial
- 硬件
- Best with Braiins OS+ firmware; supports major ASIC models
- 最适合
- Operations already using the Braiins ecosystem
- Remote miner configuration and monitoring
- Curtailment management and energy reporting
- Issue tracking and automated alerting
- Hosting client management tools
- Tight integration with Braiins OS+ and Braiins Pool
Minerstat
Professional mining monitoring and management platform with a clean interface and broad hardware support spanning seven ASIC manufacturers. Available on Windows, Mac, Linux, and even Raspberry Pi.
访问 Minerstat
- 定价
- Free tier available; paid plans for larger operations
- 规模
- Small to medium
- 硬件
- Bitmain, MicroBT, Innosilicon, Canaan, Dayun, Ebang, Fusionsilicon
- 最适合
- Small to medium operations wanting broad hardware support
- ASIC Hub for remote monitoring and management
- Profit switching across 300+ coins and 400+ pools
- Remote reboot and firmware updates
- Bulk and individual worker management
- Cross-platform (Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi)
常见问题
关于比特币挖矿软件的常见问题解答。
什么是比特币挖矿软件？
比特币挖矿软件是将 ASIC 挖矿硬件连接到比特币网络和矿池的程序层。它向矿机芯片传递计算工作，收集完成的工作量证明解决方案，将它们中继到网络，并监控硬件健康状况，包括温度、算力、风扇速度和功耗。
什么是 ASIC 固件？
ASIC 固件是直接在比特币矿机上运行的操作系统。原厂固件由制造商（Bitmain、MicroBT、Canaan）提供，而 Braiins OS+、LuxOS 和 Vnish 等第三方固件替换原厂固件以解锁逐芯片自动调优、动态功率管理和 15-25% 的效率改进。
比特币挖矿软件是免费的吗？
大多数挖矿管理平台为小型运营（1-2 台矿机）提供免费版本。第三方 ASIC 固件使用开发费模式——通常将您 2-2.8% 的算力导向固件开发者的矿池。这笔费用通常被固件带来的效率提升多倍抵消。
我需要第三方固件吗？
不需要——原厂固件开箱即用。但第三方固件通常通过逐芯片自动调优提供 15-25% 更好的能效，这可以每年每台矿机节省数百美元的电力成本。对于大多数矿工来说，开发费在几天内就能回本。
最适合初学者的挖矿软件是什么？
从矿机的原厂固件开始学习基础知识，然后尝试 Hive OS 免费监控您的第一台矿机。当您熟悉后，升级到 Braiins OS+ 或 LuxOS 固件以提高效率。LuxOS 的 120V 家用挖矿模式对初学者特别友好。
什么是 Stratum V2？
Stratum V2 是下一代挖矿协议，增加了矿工与矿池之间的加密通信，防止中间人攻击，并允许矿工为区块模板选择自己的交易。Braiins OS+ 是目前唯一原生支持 Stratum V2 的固件。
挖矿收益应该使用什么比特币钱包？
使用自托管钱包，您自己控制私钥。Sparrow Wallet（桌面端）非常适合矿工，因为它提供 UTXO 管理工具来合并矿池支付产生的小额输出。对于长期冷存储，使用 Coldcard 或 Trezor 等硬件钱包。避免将挖矿收益留在交易所或矿池账户中。